The seamless exchange of data between several blockchains is known as interoperability. When different blockchains can communicate with one another, they are interoperable. As a result, NFT interoperability entails the easy sharing and trading of NFTs across various blockchain networks and applications.
True blockchain interoperability is still a long way off, and the NFT ecosystem has some issues with it. Although Ethereum remains the most popular blockchain for NFTs, other blockchains like Flow, Cardano, and Solana are all seeing significant developments as the market changes quickly.
Interoperability issues are a major roadblock to a seamless web3 experience. Because they must switch between various chains in order to utilize, monitor, or trade their assets, many NFT holders view the NFT ecosystem’s multichain structure as problematic. For many people, comprehending the technical aspects of crypto wallets and other interfaces is a challenging step in this process.
Blockchain players are especially concerned about interoperability-related problems because they are unable to transfer their in-game NFT assets from one game to another. Players spend a lot of time and money acquiring such assets, yet they are restricted to a small number of blockchain games.
The current state of NFT markets is also not promising. In a perfect world, they could permit NFTs to be listed, bid on, purchased, and sold on any chain. The majority of markets currently only support one particular blockchain. For instance, CNFT is specific to Cardano, while Magic Eden is a market place for Solana NFTs. Some marketplaces, like Rarible, which supports Flow, Tezos, and Polygon, permit the incorporation of NFTs from various blockchains to some extent. However, there are few use cases even in these markets.
We can highlight two different strategies used by modern blockchain developers to boost interoperability.
NFT bridges no. 1
A two-way transaction channel is an NFT bridge. It permits the transfer of an asset between two distinct blockchains by connecting them. NFT bridges use a set of smart contracts to lock the asset that has to be moved on the first chain while minting an identical asset on the second chain and sending it to the wallet address of the original owner. To do this, the NFT owner signs smart contracts to deposit the NFT into the first chain. The identical smart contracts are called on the second chain to mint the duplicate of the original NFT because of these signatures.
The transfer of NFTs from the Ethereum mainnet to another blockchain is the most frequent function that blockchain bridges offer. The NFT bridge provided by Polygon is a well-known illustration. In order to stop hacks and issues with market liquidity, it integrates POS and Plasma security.
Meta blockchain, second
Bridges, which use a two-chain strategy to promote interoperability, go a step further and create the blockchain of blockchains. They provide services for creating a new internet made up of numerous connected blockchains.
By enabling asset exchanges between decentralized blockchains with the help of the IBC (Inter-Blockchain Communication) protocol, Cosmos provides a solution to the NFT interoperability issue.
Another option that makes it possible for blockchain apps to cross various chains is Polkadot. It is creating the XCM language, which will serve as the common language for various blockchains, for this purpose. When it comes to the compatibility of various blockchains, XCM will open up a lot of NFT features, including the ability to stake NFTs across several chains and pay fees using any token.
NFT applications will soon be able to utilize the greatest features of each blockchain thanks to bridges and multichain solutions. As a result, newer goods and services will be produced.
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